Django Admin 实现外键过滤的方法_Python

说明和 Model

环境：

									➜ python

									Python 3.6.3 |Anaconda custom (x86_64)| (default, Oct 6 2017, 12:04:38)

									[GCC 4.2.1 Compatible Clang 4.0.1 (tags/RELEASE_401/final)] on darwin

									Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.

									>>> import django

									>>> print(django.get_version())

									2.0.1

									>>>

2018年05月23日更新：

可以通过get_changeform_initial_data 函数来传递initial参数.

									# admin.py

									@admin.register(Score)

									class ScoreConfigAdmin(FilterUserAdmin):

									  # fields = ('id','name')

									  form = ScoreConfigAdminForm

									  def get_changeform_initial_data(self, request):

									    initial = super().get_changeform_initial_data(request)

									    initial.update({'uid': request.user.id})

									    return initial

									# forms.py

									class ScoreConfigAdminForm(forms.ModelForm):

									  def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):

									    super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)

									    if not kwargs.get('initial'):

									      return

									    self.uid = kwargs.get('initial').get('uid')

									  class Meta:

									    model = Score

									    fields = '__all__'

有一个支持多用户（使用 django admin）的 Blog，每一篇 Post 都需要记录是谁发表的并且属于那个 Blog。

user 与 Blog 的关系、 Blog 与 Post 有2种定义方式，一种是使用独立关系表，另外一种是直接在 Model 中定义中使用外键。

后面一种的 model 定义如下：

									from django.contrib.auth.models import User

									from django.db import models

									class Blog(models.Model):

									  '''

									  Blog

									  '''

									  id = models.AutoField(unique=True, primary_key = True, verbose_name="序号")

									  name = models.CharField(max_length=255, blank=True, null=True, verbose_name="名称")

									  user = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE)

									  create_time = models.DateTimeField(verbose_name='添加时间', auto_now_add=True, blank=True)

									  class Meta:

									    verbose_name = 'Blog'

									    verbose_name_plural = 'Blog管理'

									  def __str__(self):

									    return self.name

									class Post(models.Model):

									  '''

									  Post 内容

									  '''

									  id = models.AutoField(unique=True, primary_key = True, verbose_name="序号")

									  title = models.CharField(max_length=255, blank=True, null=True, verbose_name="标题")

									  content = models.TextField(max_length=1024, blank=True, null=True, verbose_name="内容")

									  blog = models.ForeignKey(Blog, on_delete=models.CASCADE, verbose_name="所属Blog")

									  user = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE)

									  create_time = models.DateTimeField(verbose_name='添加时间', auto_now_add=True, blank=True)

									  class Meta:

									    verbose_name = '文章'

									    verbose_name_plural = '文章管理'

									  def __str__(self):

									    return self.title

Admin 中实现

admin 中有2处，一处是 Blog 和 Post 列表中按 user 过滤，另外一处是新增 Post 时需要按当前 user 过滤。完整代码如下：

									from django.contrib import admin

									from django import forms

									# Register your models here.

									from django_summernote.admin import SummernoteModelAdmin

									from .models import Team, Member, Activity, Score

									from .models import Blog, Post

									class FilterUserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):

									  '''

									  按所属用户过滤的 base, class

									  '''

									  def save_model(self, request, obj, form, change):

									    # TODO 需要考虑不同用户对同一数据进行修改。

									    obj.user = request.user

									    obj.save()

									  def get_queryset(self, request):

									    # For Django < 1.6, override queryset instead of get_queryset

									    qs = super(FilterUserAdmin, self).get_queryset(request) 

									    # 不能加这个，加了这个会导致 superuser 更新普通用户的数据。

									    # if request.user.is_superuser:

									    #   return qs

									    return qs.filter(user=request.user)

									  def has_change_permission(self, request, obj=None):

									    has_class_permission = super(FilterUserAdmin, self).has_change_permission(request, obj)

									    if not has_class_permission:

									      return False

									    if obj is not None and not request.user.is_superuser and request.user.id != obj.user.id:

									      return False

									    return True

									class BlogConfigAdmin(FilterUserAdmin):

									  list_display = ('id','name', 'create_time')

									  exclude = ['user']

									  list_per_page = 50

									admin.site.register(Blog, BlogConfigAdmin)

									class PostConfigAdmin(FilterUserAdmin):

									  list_display = ('id','title', 'create_time')

									  exclude = ['user']

									  list_per_page = 50

									  def render_change_form(self, request, context, add=False, change=False, form_url='', obj=None):

									    # 新增 Post 时，相关联的 Blog 需要过滤，关键就在下面这句。

									    context['adminform'].form.fields['blog'].queryset = Team.objects.filter(user=request.user)

									    return super(MemberConfigAdmin, self).render_change_form(request, context, add, change, form_url, obj)

									admin.site.register(Post, PostConfigAdmin)