之前一直有过疑惑为什么MySQL数据库存timestamp可以无视时区问题.
在业务中也是一直使用Laravel框架,内置的Migration也是使用的timestamp类型字段, 也没太关心.
开始
查看当前数据库时区
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
|
mysql> show variables like "%time_zone%";+------------------+--------+| Variable_name | Value |+------------------+--------+| system_time_zone | CST || time_zone | +08:00 |+------------------+--------+2 rows in set (0.30 sec) |
查看表结构
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
|
mysql> desc timestamp_test;+--------------+-----------+------+-----+---------+----------------+| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |+--------------+-----------+------+-----+---------+----------------+| id | int | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment || created_time | datetime | YES | | NULL | || created_at | timestamp | YES | | NULL | |+--------------+-----------+------+-----+---------+----------------+3 rows in set (0.26 sec) |
插入数据
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
|
mysql> insert into timestamp_test(created_time, created_at) values('2020-12-09 08:00:00', '2020-12-09 08:00:00');Query OK, 1 row affected (0.22 sec)mysql> select * from timestamp_test;+----+---------------------+---------------------+| id | created_time | created_at |+----+---------------------+---------------------+| 1 | 2020-12-09 08:00:00 | 2020-12-09 08:00:00 |+----+---------------------+---------------------+1 row in set (0.06 sec) |
这个时间看起来是没问题的, 那么我们尝试修改时区再插入数据
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
|
mysql> SET time_zone = "+00:00";Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)mysql> insert into timestamp_test(created_time, created_at) values('2020-12-09 08:00:00', '2020-12-09 08:00:00');Query OK, 1 row affected (0.03 sec)mysql> SET time_zone = "+08:00";Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec) |
这时候再查看数据, 两条插入的SQL是一样的,但是发现查询的结果是不一样的
这两条数据created_at的相差正好是时区的时间差
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
|
mysql> select * from timestamp_test;+----+---------------------+---------------------+| id | created_time | created_at |+----+---------------------+---------------------+| 1 | 2020-12-09 08:00:00 | 2020-12-09 08:00:00 || 2 | 2020-12-09 08:00:00 | 2020-12-09 16:00:00 |+----+---------------------+---------------------+2 rows in set (0.06 sec) |
再看一下实际存储的时间戳, 然后我们变化时区, 发现字段时间变化了,但是原始的时间戳数据没变
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
|
mysql> select *, unix_timestamp(created_at) from timestamp_test;+----+---------------------+---------------------+----------------------------+| id | created_time | created_at | unix_timestamp(created_at) |+----+---------------------+---------------------+----------------------------+| 1 | 2020-12-09 08:00:00 | 2020-12-09 08:00:00 | 1607472000 || 2 | 2020-12-09 08:00:00 | 2020-12-09 16:00:00 | 1607500800 |+----+---------------------+---------------------+----------------------------+2 rows in set (0.06 sec)mysql> SET time_zone = "+00:00";Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.09 sec)mysql> show variables like "%time_zone%";+------------------+--------+| Variable_name | Value |+------------------+--------+| system_time_zone | CST || time_zone | +00:00 |+------------------+--------+2 rows in set (0.08 sec)mysql> select *, unix_timestamp(created_at) from timestamp_test;+----+---------------------+---------------------+----------------------------+| id | created_time | created_at | unix_timestamp(created_at) |+----+---------------------+---------------------+----------------------------+| 1 | 2020-12-09 08:00:00 | 2020-12-09 00:00:00 | 1607472000 || 2 | 2020-12-09 08:00:00 | 2020-12-09 08:00:00 | 1607500800 |+----+---------------------+---------------------+----------------------------+2 rows in set (0.18 sec) |
因为这一切是MySQL隐式的帮我们转换了, 让我们不用关心时区的问题
就是数据库实际上会保存 UTC 时间戳，写入的时候先按 Session 时区转成 UTC 时间，读出的时候再按 Session 时区转成当前时区的时间，这些转换都是透明的
-
假如我们在正八区存储了
2020-12-09 08:00:00时间的一条数据 -
我们在正八区取出这一条数据, 时间依然是
2020-12-09 08:00:00 -
这时候我们有一台在零时区的服务器,连接
MySQL,并且把当前连接的时区设置为+00:00,再去查数据库这条记录,查到的数据是:2020-12-09 00:00:00, 正好对应零时区的时间,这样子我们就不用考虑时区的问题.
以上就是为什么MySQL timestamp可以无视时区问题.的详细内容，更多关于MySQL timestamp无视时区的资料请关注服务器之家其它相关文章！
原文链接：http://www.shiguopeng.cn/archives/473
