下面就是准备Netty的jar包了，如果你会maven的话自然是使用maven最为方便了。只需要在pom文件中导入以下几行
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<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/io.netty/netty-all --> <dependency> <groupId>io.netty</groupId> <artifactId>netty-all</artifactId> <version>4.1.16.Final</version> </dependency> |
当然啦，不会maven的也不用愁，可以在官网直接下载jar包，点击跳转。并在编辑器中将下载的jar包引入你的lib中，就可以愉快的开始Netty开发了
下面贴一个简单的netty案例
一、 服务端代码
1. EchoServerHandler.java
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import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;import io.netty.channel.ChannelFutureListener;import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandler.Sharable;import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;import io.netty.channel.ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter;import io.netty.util.CharsetUtil; @Sharablepublic class EchoServerHandler extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter{ @Override public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception { //将客户端传入的消息转换为Netty的ByteBuf类型 ByteBuf in = (ByteBuf) msg; // 在控制台打印传入的消息 System.out.println( "Server received: " + in.toString(CharsetUtil.UTF_8) ); //将接收到的消息写给发送者，而不冲刷出站消息 ctx.write(in); } @Override public void channelReadComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception { // 将未处决消息冲刷到远程节点， 并且关闭该Channel ctx.writeAndFlush(Unpooled.EMPTY_BUFFER) .addListener(ChannelFutureListener.CLOSE); } /** * 异常处理 * @param ctx * @param cause * @throws Exception */ @Override public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception { //打印异常栈跟踪 cause.printStackTrace(); // 关闭该Channel ctx.close(); }} |
2. EchoServer.java
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import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel; import java.net.InetSocketAddress; public class EchoServer { private final static int port = 8080; public static void main(String[] args) { start(); } private static void start() { final EchoServerHandler serverHandler = new EchoServerHandler(); // 创建EventLoopGroup EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(); EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(); // 创建EventLoopGroup ServerBootstrap b = new ServerBootstrap(); b.group(bossGroup, workerGroup) //指定所使用的NIO传输Channel .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class) //使用指定的端口设置套接字地址 .localAddress(new InetSocketAddress(port)) // 添加一个EchoServerHandler到Channle的ChannelPipeline .childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() { @Override protected void initChannel(SocketChannel socketChannel) throws Exception { //EchoServerHandler被标注为@shareable,所以我们可以总是使用同样的案例 socketChannel.pipeline().addLast(serverHandler); } }); try { // 异步地绑定服务器;调用sync方法阻塞等待直到绑定完成 ChannelFuture f = b.bind().sync(); // 获取Channel的CloseFuture，并且阻塞当前线程直到它完成 f.channel().closeFuture().sync(); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { // 优雅的关闭EventLoopGroup，释放所有的资源 bossGroup.shutdownGracefully(); workerGroup.shutdownGracefully(); } }} |
二、 客户端代码
1. EchoClientHandler.java
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import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandler.Sharable;import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;import io.netty.channel.SimpleChannelInboundHandler;import io.netty.util.CharsetUtil; @Sharablepublic class EchoClientHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<ByteBuf> { @Override public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception { //当被通知Channel是活跃的时候，发送一条消息 ctx.writeAndFlush(Unpooled.copiedBuffer("Netty rocks!", CharsetUtil.UTF_8)); } @Override protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext channelHandlerContext, ByteBuf byteBuf) throws Exception { System.out.println( "Client received: " + byteBuf.toString(CharsetUtil.UTF_8) ); } @Override public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception { cause.printStackTrace(); ctx.close(); }} |
2. EchoClient.java
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import io.netty.bootstrap.Bootstrap;import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioSocketChannel; import java.net.InetSocketAddress; public class EchoClient { private final static String HOST = "localhost"; private final static int PORT = 8080; public static void start() { EventLoopGroup group = new NioEventLoopGroup(); Bootstrap bootstrap = new Bootstrap(); bootstrap.group(group) .channel(NioSocketChannel.class) .remoteAddress(new InetSocketAddress(HOST, PORT)) .handler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() { @Override protected void initChannel(SocketChannel socketChannel) throws Exception { socketChannel.pipeline().addLast(new EchoClientHandler()); } }); try { ChannelFuture f = bootstrap.connect().sync(); f.channel().closeFuture().sync(); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }finally { group.shutdownGracefully(); } } public static void main(String[] args) { start(); }} |
先后运行EchoServer.java和EchoClient.java.如果控制台分别打印了
Server received: Netty rocks!
和
Client received: Netty rocks!
那么恭喜你，你已经可以开始netty的开发了。
点击查看Netty结合Protobuf编解码
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原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_33227649/article/details/78317912
