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Java 如何读取Excel格式xls、xlsx数据工具类

2021-12-20 14:16亚尔诺炽焰 Java教程

这篇文章主要介绍了Java 如何读取Excel格式xls、xlsx数据工具类的操作,具有很好的参考价值,希望对大家有所帮助。如有错误或未考虑完全的地方,望不吝赐教

Java 读取Excel格式xls、xlsx数据工具类

需要POI的jar包支持

Java 如何读取Excel格式xls、xlsx数据工具类

调用方式

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ReadExcelTest excelTest = new ReadExcelTest();
excelTest.readExcel("D:\\data1.xlsx");
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package com.util;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.xmlbeans.impl.piccolo.io.FileFormatException;
public class ReadExcelTest {
 
    private static final String EXTENSION_XLS = "xls";
    private static final String EXTENSION_XLSX = "xlsx";
 
    /***
     * <pre>
     * 取得Workbook对象(xls和xlsx对象不同,不过都是Workbook的实现类)
     *   xls:HSSFWorkbook
     *   xlsx:XSSFWorkbook
     * @param filePath
     * @return
     * @throws IOException
     * </pre>
     */
    private Workbook getWorkbook(String filePath) throws IOException {
        Workbook workbook = null;
        InputStream is = new FileInputStream(filePath);
        if (filePath.endsWith(EXTENSION_XLS)) {
            workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(is);
        } else if (filePath.endsWith(EXTENSION_XLSX)) {
            workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(is);
        }
        return workbook;
    }
 
    /**
     * 文件检查
     * @param filePath
     * @throws FileNotFoundException
     * @throws FileFormatException
     */
    private void preReadCheck(String filePath) throws FileNotFoundException, FileFormatException {
        // 常规检查
        File file = new File(filePath);
        if (!file.exists()) {
            throw new FileNotFoundException("传入的文件不存在:" + filePath);
        }
 
        if (!(filePath.endsWith(EXTENSION_XLS) || filePath.endsWith(EXTENSION_XLSX))) {
            throw new FileFormatException("传入的文件不是excel");
        }
    }
 
    /**
     * 读取excel文件内容
     * @param filePath
     * @throws FileNotFoundException
     * @throws FileFormatException
     */
    public void readExcel(String filePath) throws FileNotFoundException, FileFormatException {
        // 检查
        this.preReadCheck(filePath);
        // 获取workbook对象
        Workbook workbook = null;
 
        try {
            workbook = this.getWorkbook(filePath);
            // 读文件 一个sheet一个sheet地读取
            for (int numSheet = 0; numSheet < workbook.getNumberOfSheets(); numSheet++) {
                Sheet sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(numSheet);
                if (sheet == null) {
                    continue;
                }
                System.out.println("=======================" + sheet.getSheetName() + "=========================");
 
                int firstRowIndex = sheet.getFirstRowNum();
                int lastRowIndex = sheet.getLastRowNum();
 
                // 读取首行 即,表头
                Row firstRow = sheet.getRow(firstRowIndex);
                for (int i = firstRow.getFirstCellNum(); i <= firstRow.getLastCellNum(); i++) {
                    Cell cell = firstRow.getCell(i);
                    String cellValue = this.getCellValue(cell, true);
                    System.out.print(" " + cellValue + "\t");
                }
                System.out.println("");
 
                // 读取数据行
                for (int rowIndex = firstRowIndex + 1; rowIndex <= lastRowIndex; rowIndex++) {
                    Row currentRow = sheet.getRow(rowIndex);// 当前行
                    int firstColumnIndex = currentRow.getFirstCellNum(); // 首列
                    int lastColumnIndex = currentRow.getLastCellNum();// 最后一列
                    for (int columnIndex = firstColumnIndex; columnIndex <= lastColumnIndex; columnIndex++) {
                        Cell currentCell = currentRow.getCell(columnIndex);// 当前单元格
                        String currentCellValue = this.getCellValue(currentCell, true);// 当前单元格的值
                        System.out.print(currentCellValue + "\t");
                    }
                    System.out.println("");
                }
                System.out.println("======================================================");
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (workbook != null) {
                try {
                    workbook.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
    }
 
    /**
     * 取单元格的值
     * @param cell 单元格对象
     * @param treatAsStr 为true时,当做文本来取值 (取到的是文本,不会把“1”取成“1.0”)
     * @return
     */
    private String getCellValue(Cell cell, boolean treatAsStr) {
        if (cell == null) {
            return "";
        }
 
        if (treatAsStr) {
            // 虽然excel中设置的都是文本,但是数字文本还被读错,如“1”取成“1.0”
            // 加上下面这句,临时把它当做文本来读取
            cell.setCellType(Cell.CELL_TYPE_STRING);
        }
 
        if (cell.getCellType() == Cell.CELL_TYPE_BOOLEAN) {
            return String.valueOf(cell.getBooleanCellValue());
        } else if (cell.getCellType() == Cell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC) {
            return String.valueOf(cell.getNumericCellValue());
        } else {
            return String.valueOf(cell.getStringCellValue());
        }
    }
}

使用poi读取xlsx格式的Excel总结

今天遇到的坑

公司实习生项目,其中有个功能是读取Excel数据,之前做过以为很快就能搞定,万万没想到,本地写的一切都正常,可就在要发布生产了,尼玛测试环境居然出bug了读取xlsx格式的Excel,读不了,本地完全可以,就是测试环境上不行,心里一万只曹尼玛奔过

下面是代码部分:

我使用的是springmvc,首先是controller部分

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@RequestMapping("ReadFromExcel")
@ResponseBody
  public Response ReadFromExcel(@RequestParam(value = "file") MultipartFile file,
@RequestAttribute("userNo") String userNo) {
    try {
      //校验文件
      checkFile(file);
      List<ArrayList<String>> list =excelService.readExcel(file);
      if (CollectionUtils.isEmpty(list)) {
        return new Response(ERROR_CODE, "导入的文件没有数据",false);
      }
    }catch (Exception e){
      logger.error("ReadFromExcel异常",e);
    }
    return new Response(ERROR_CODE, "导入失败", false);
  }
private void checkFile(MultipartFile file) throws IOException {
    //判断文件是否存在
    if(null == file){
      logger.error("文件不存在!");
      throw new FileNotFoundException("文件不存在!");
    }
    //获得文件名
    String fileName = file.getOriginalFilename();
    logger.info("ReadFromExcel fileName",fileName);
    //判断文件是否是excel文件
    if(!fileName.endsWith(xls) && !fileName.endsWith(xlsx)){
      logger.error(fileName + "不是excel文件");
      throw new IOException(fileName + "不是excel文件");
    }
  }

然后是读取Excel文件部分,也就是service部分

这些网上随便一搜都能搜到

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@Override
  public List<ArrayList<String>> readExcel(MultipartFile file) {
    List<ArrayList<String>> list = new ArrayList<ArrayList<String>>();
    try {
      // 检查文件
      logger.info("ExcelServiceImpl 获取文件名", file.getOriginalFilename());
      // 获得Workbook工作薄对象
      Workbook workbook = getWorkBook(file);
      // 创建返回对象,把每行中的值作为一个数组,所有行作为一个集合返回
      logger.info("获得Workbook工作薄对象", file.getOriginalFilename());
      if (workbook != null) {
        for (int sheetNum = 0; sheetNum < workbook.getNumberOfSheets(); sheetNum++) {
          // 获得当前sheet工作表
          Sheet sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(sheetNum);
          logger.info("获得当前sheet工作表", file.getOriginalFilename());
          if (sheet == null) {
            continue;
          }
          // 获得当前sheet的开始行
          int firstRowNum = sheet.getFirstRowNum();
          // 获得当前sheet的结束行
          int lastRowNum = sheet.getLastRowNum();
          // 循环除了第一行的所有行
          for (int rowNum = firstRowNum + 1; rowNum <= lastRowNum; rowNum++) {
            // 获得当前行
            Row row = sheet.getRow(rowNum);
            if (row == null) {
              continue;
            }
            // 获得当前行的开始列
            int firstCellNum = row.getFirstCellNum();
            // 获得当前行的列数
            int lastCellNum = row.getPhysicalNumberOfCells();
            ArrayList<String> cells = new ArrayList<>();
            // 循环当前行
            for (int cellNum = firstCellNum; cellNum < lastCellNum; cellNum++) {
              Cell cell = row.getCell(cellNum);
              cells.add(getCellValue(cell));
            }
            list.add(cells);
          }
        }
      }
    } catch (Exception e) {
      logger.error("readExcel Exception", e.getMessage());
    }
    return list;
  }
  private Workbook getWorkBook(MultipartFile file) {
    // 获得文件名
    String fileName = file.getOriginalFilename();
    // 创建Workbook工作薄对象,表示整个excel
    Workbook workbook = null;
    try {
      // 获取excel文件的io流
      InputStream is = file.getInputStream();
      logger.info("获取excel文件的io流");
      // 根据文件后缀名不同(xls和xlsx)获得不同的Workbook实现类对象
      if (fileName.endsWith(xls)) {
        // 2003
        workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(is);
      } else if (fileName.endsWith(xlsx)) {
        // 2007
        workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(is);
      }
    } catch (Exception e) {
      logger.info(e.getMessage());
    }
    return workbook;
  }
  private String getCellValue(Cell cell) {
    String cellValue = "";
    if (cell == null) {
      return cellValue;
    }
    // 把数字当成String来读,避免出现1读成1.0的情况
    if (cell.getCellType() == Cell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC) {
      cell.setCellType(Cell.CELL_TYPE_STRING);
    }
    // 判断数据的类型
    switch (cell.getCellType()) {
      case Cell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC: // 数字
        cellValue = String.valueOf(cell.getNumericCellValue());
        break;
      case Cell.CELL_TYPE_STRING: // 字符串
        cellValue = String.valueOf(cell.getStringCellValue());
        break;
      case Cell.CELL_TYPE_BOOLEAN: // Boolean
        cellValue = String.valueOf(cell.getBooleanCellValue());
        break;
      case Cell.CELL_TYPE_FORMULA: // 公式
        cellValue = String.valueOf(cell.getCellFormula());
        break;
      case Cell.CELL_TYPE_BLANK: // 空值
        cellValue = "";
        break;
      case Cell.CELL_TYPE_ERROR: // 故障
        cellValue = "非法字符";
        break;
      default:
        cellValue = "未知类型";
        break;
    }
    return cellValue;
  }

spring-servlet.xml 配置如下

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<bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
<property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8"/>
<property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760000"/>
<property name="maxInMemorySize" value="40960"/>
</bean>

最初的maven是这么配置的

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<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
<artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
<version>3.9</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
<artifactId>poi</artifactId>
<version>3.9</version>
</dependency>

好了,本地走起来完全没毛病,很开心,终于可以发布了,可以早点回学校写论文了,发到测试环境,测试读取xls也是没毛病,可尼玛,想读取个xlsx的文件试试看,网页提示404,这什么鬼,打日志查问题,还一直以为是前端的哥们出问题,可一看日志不对啊,请求已经进来了,可是走到这一步就没了 workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(is);这是为什么,赶紧网上查,一堆解决方案,一个个试,最后实在没办法把别人所有的方法一个个试,最后又加了如下jar包

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<dependency>
<groupId>xmlbeans</groupId>
<artifactId>xmlbeans</artifactId>
<version>2.3.0</version>
<type>pom</type>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
<artifactId>poi-ooxml-schemas</artifactId>
<version>3.9</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
<artifactId>poi-scratchpad</artifactId>
<version>3.9</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
<artifactId>poi-examples</artifactId>
<version>3.9</version>
</dependency>

问题是解决了,可却不知其所以然,记录一下。以上为个人经验,希望能给大家一个参考,也希望大家多多支持服务器之家。

原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/wangjianyu0115/article/details/51344853

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