一,安装BIND
1.下载BIND http://www.isc.org 也可以去本站下载 bind9 dns软件。
2.编译安装
# tar zxvf bind-9.4.0.tar.gz
# cd bind-9.4.0
# ./configure sysconfdir=/etc //更多安装选项 ./configure --help
# make
# make install
二,配置BIND
A.创建需要文件
1)./etc/named.conf
# vi /etc/named.conf 推出保存即可 或 touch /etc/named.conf
2)./etc/rndc.conf
# rndc-confgen > /etc/rndc.conf
B.创建目录 /var/named
# mkdir /var/named
B.编辑/etc/named.conf 内容如下
options {
directory "/var/named"; //表示默认的数据库文件在/var/named中 若没有需手动创建
// pid-file "/var/run/named/named.pid"; //运行的PID文件路径,用于使用其他用户启动named
};
zone "." { //创建root域
type hint;
file "named.ca";
};
zone "localhost" { //创建 localhost域
type master;
file "named.local";
};
zone "example.com" { //创建 example.com域
type master;
file "example.com.zone";
};
zone "0.0.127.in-addr.arpa"{ //localhost的反解析
type master;
file "127.0.0.zone";
};
zone "100.168.192.in-addr.arpa" { //example.com的反向解析
type master;
file "192.168.100.zone";
};
//这段文件在/etc/rndc.conf 的尾部需拷贝才能使用 # tail +13 /etc/rndc.conf >>/etc/named.conf
# Use with the following in named.conf, adjusting the allow list as needed:
key "rndc-key" {
algorithm hmac-md5;
secret "HWM3L+e7LWDZJJ/dJEzQEw==";
};
controls {
inet 127.0.0.1 port 953
allow { 127.0.0.1; } keys { "rndc-key"; };
};
# End of named.conf
D.在/var/named 中创建相应的数据文件 文件名由named.conf 中的file 参数制定
由named.conf可知有 named.ca, named.local, example.com.zone, 127.0.0.zone , 192.168.100.zone
1. named.ca
# dig -t NS . >/var/named/named.ca
2. named.local #vi /var/named/named.local 加入以下内容
$TTL 1D
@ IN SOA localhost. root (
2007042801
1H
15M
1W
1D )
IN NS @
IN A 127.0.0.1
3. example.com.zone
$TTL 1D
@ IN SOA example.com. root (
2007042801
1H
15M
1W
1D )
IN NS ns.example.com.
IN MX 10 mail.example.com.
IN A 192.168.100.125
www IN A 192.168.100.125
db IN A 192.168.100.124
ns IN A 192.168.100.126
mail IN A 192.168.100.251
shop IN A 192.168.100.125
*.shop IN A 192.168.100.124
news IN CNAME www
3. 127.0.0.zone
$TTl 1D
@ IN SOA @ root.localhost. (
2007042801
1H
15M
1W
1D
)
IN NS localhost.
1 IN PTR localhost.
4. 192.168.100.zone
$TTL 1D
@ IN SOA @ root.example.com. (
2007042801
1H
15M
1W
1D )
IN NS example.com.
125 IN PTR example.com.
125 IN PTR www.example.com.
124 IN PTR db.example.com.
126 IN PTR ns.example.com.
251 IN PTR mail.example.com.
补充说明
a. named服务器的启动问题
1. 启动 #named //以root用户启动
#named -u named //以named用户启动,必须有这个用户而且,named.pid的属主是 named
2. 更改配置后如何重启
# rndc reload
3.测试配置是否成功,可用 host, dig ,nslookup 判断
